ZOU GAAL

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Zou taten iget mangmaw uh Zougal kichihi ipu ipate leh khawvel galhang nitumlouna gamlua British sipaite kidouna ahi. Khawvela Britishten colonial expansion policy neia khawvel gam tuamtuam a khutnuai uah akoi lai in, India a hinglut in Manipur tan a hing awp uhi. Tuachin ipu ipate sing tanga koima sawrkal suhbuailou a kum tampi zalentaha ana umna gam Zougam la a awpbet pasalte a vanpua (Labour Corp) dinga mat anasawm zia un Zomi pasalpha koima sawrkal nuaia kun ngailou leh sahang galhang maia tai ngailouten Zougam Britishte khuta pata humbit dinga theitawp sua a kumthum sung ana kidouna uh “ZOUGAAL” chi a igetget uh khu ahi.

Zougal laiin khawvel galhang e chilouin British sipaite Zomi pasalphaten tampi anathat in ama uh zong hunkhawp ana shi ua,ana kihakap deuna mun ah luituite sisan in analuang hial hi. “Ka namtem hiam, I Zougam tul, Laal kanaw na'n sansin zel ”. (Sanem La).

ZOUGAAL KAP ZIA

Galkap himhim hi Hinna(life) leh sisan(blood) tampi senna leh mi tampite a dinga damsunga gentheina leh gualbatlouna tun thei na ahiziain ipu ipa Zomi pasalphaten zawng Zougal alou theilou leh Gam leh Nam humbit nadingleh khangthate makhualna tawh anakap uh a hingei dinghi.Zou Pasalphaten Zougaal anakap zia uh ahileh

1. TAX : Britishten Manipur a awplai un amasanga kipia ngailou sing tang ah panchi/hill house tax insuan china ala ua,Ipu ipate singtang gam a nehawlte a ding in Rs.3/-(chengthum)hih silhasa mama anahi a. Tulai adingin Rs.300/-tawh akibang ding ahia,Tuaziain Britishte khut nuai a genthei kisa in kidouna tawh getfel hoipen in ana thei uhi.

2. HAUSA THUNEINA: Zou tehi Hausa(Chief) thunuai leh vaihawnna nuaia umte ana kihi a, khawsung ah Hausa thu hi dan leh thupia(Law and order) anahi a. Tambang Hausa thuneinate Britishten athuneina un tampi ana pai khia in lampute pia uhi.Tambanga thuneina(Power) Zou Hausa ten a na taan(lost)zia un British sipaite tungah ana lungkim sih mama ua, tuachin Zougam sung apat Britishte delkhiat hi Hausa thuneina mukiana (regain) lampi umsun a atheizia un Zougaal anakap uhi.

3. SAKHUANA: Zou tehi ipu ipa apata Sakhuana ngaisang leh ana ngaigun/lathutah te anakihi a.British sipaiten ipu ipa apat I tawndan uh pusa bia leh kithawina tehi anadeilou zia un suhtawpsah ang sawm ua, Zomi Pasalphate adingin pu leh pate tawndan kisuh buaisah hi chiltaw tham tawh kibang ahi zia in kidouna chilou getding atam sihi.

4. POTPUA: kum1917-1919 hi 1st world war lai ahi a, Gamdanga galdou British sipaite vanpua dinga kuanding in ei Zou te mat(labour corps) a sawm ua,hinanleh Zomi Pasalphaten vanpua a kua sangin kidouna ana telzaw ta uhi.

Zomi pasalpha ten British sipaite vanpua a kuan sanga kidou a telzaw ziate uh ah leh (a) Zou tehi kum tampi koima sawrkal suh buai ngailou a zalentaha ana umna gam Zougam a amauh sanga thu neizaw umding anangai theilou zia uh.(b)Vanpua a akuan khiat ua, a nuasia uh aji atate uh leh mumei naupang genthei, gilkial, dangta a a um ding uh ana ngai ngamlou zia.(c)Kum tampi ana kivai hawmna nagam leh pupate zalna gam humbit hi amawpuana uh ahi chi aki theizia uh ahi.

ZOU GAL KIPATDAN (THE OUT BREAK OF ZOUGAAL)

Galkap kichihi koima deilou leh utlou pen sileh manna leh gentheina tampi tun thei ahi a,hinanleh gam leh nam ngainat zia leh zalenna humbit nading in alou thei lou a dou angai zel hi.Tuabangin ipu ipaten zong Zougaal alou theilou in anakap uhi.Zougaal hing kipatdan ahi leh.

Kum 1917 – 1919 sunghi khawvel kidoupi khatna(First World War) lai ahi a,British te hi khawvel gam tamzaw awpte ahi zia un agam awpte lah ua nammawl deudeute kidou na a sipaite vanpua leh nasem(Labour corps) dingin a mankhawm zel uhi.Tua hunlai in ei Manipur apat in zong mitampi vanpua dingin ana man uhi.

Kum 1917, May ha ah manipur singtangmi te Mr.F.B.Blackie lamkaihna in France gam a mi hunkhawpkhat ana kuan uhi.Kum 1917 ,June ha ah Zou tate british sipaite vanpua a kuanding anachi uhi. Hinanleh Zomi pasalphaten zalenna gam taisan a si leh man kitheilou nagam a sua leh sal a kuansangin si leh guamkhat ah dam leh mual khat ah chiin kidou anatel (choose)zaw uhi. Tuachia Zou ten British sipsite dou a a zalenna uh Zougam humbit atamzawten a deizaw ziaun Pu Langzachin leh Pu Goulun te lamkai na in Hiangtam khuo ah kithu kupna nei un British sipaite kimatsah lou a panzaw tantan dou maidingin thupuana a siam ta uhi.

Tuachia Zou ten British sipaite dou sawm chi ang thei un Haokip lamkaiten Zoute pankhawmpi a British sipaite douding in anachial uhi. Tuachia Khawvel galhang British sipaite douding a thawmhau akisahdeu zia un Haokip lamkaite chialna pawmin ,Pu langzachin,Pu Lagou leh Pu Goulun te lamakihna in Zou gaalkap pasalpha 80 val Luoikhai khua ah ava kuan uhi. Luoikhai khua a pangkhawm ding a kilemna ann kuang im nadingin voh khat anathaa ua,a voh sa uh huansou pan chiding in British sipsiten khawtaw lam apat in ahing toukap uhi.Zomi pasalpha ten kikaptua (Fire exchange) ding hi adei dan uh hinanleh Haokip lamkaiten a lau zia un, Zou gaalkapte kung a kap khawm a kihepkhia(Hit and Run)dinga achi zia un ana kihem khia kheta uhi.

ZOU GAAL ANA KAP DAN UH (MAIN EVENT):

British sipaiten Zougam bulu sawmin Sugnu khua munpi(Base) a nei in , Zou takual lu dingin Sugnu apat Tuibom mun (Chapikarong khogei a luitui kanna mun) ah kingain ann a na huan uhi. Tuachi lai tahin Zou gaalkap ten British sipaite ann huanlai vabukapsuh (Sudden attack) in , a geia luitui sisan aluang khawp in mitampi ana that uhi. Tuami nung sawt louin Tuibom mun apat tai 7/8 vel aum Haika khia ah Zou gaalkapte kulpi British sipsaiyen a valu ua,Haika kulpi veng aum Pu Semkholun,Pu kamdem leh Pu Songkhopau lamkaihna in sasa tah in anakikap uhi.Haika a Zou gaalkapte kulpi a kikapna a British sipaite sawmleh khat(11) ana si in alamkaipa uh Captain Steadman zong nasatah a liamin a hung sawtlou in a sita hi. Haika mun a ana ki kap zaw uh sawtlou in Haika kulpi ludingin Captain Coote lamkaina in British sipaite ava kuan kia ua ,hinanleh Zou gaal kapten tuami kulpi ana nuasie man zia un koima tha leh mat ananei sih uhi. Haika a koima aumnonlou zia in British sipaiten Haika kulpi panmun anei in Haika apat gamlalou a um Mongjaang khua ava hal tum uhi. Tuachin Haika apat Gunpi hing gaalkai in Gawtenkawt kulpi ang bulu uhi.

Pu Thawngkhai, Pu Ngulbul, Pu Sumthong leh Pu Sumkhohaute lamkaina in Gawtengkawt kul ah Zou gaalkap te leh Mangvungte ana pang uhi. Zougaalkapte a kotgeng mun apangin Mangvungte mualtung ah a pang uhi.Mualtung lam a pangten suangkhaithang thaang kamin ananga zing uhi. Gawtengkawt kulpi hi panmun hoitah leh Ambush na ding akilem tah ahi zia in British sipaiten tami kul lu ding ana huphul mama uhi. Hinanleh thupia ahizia un alou theiloua alu thou thou angai zia a kul ludinga hingkuan British siapite akotgeng apang Pu Doungul lamkaina in anakappai uhi. Tuatahin atung lam a pangten suangkhai thaang angkhiat khum uhi. Tuachin British sipaite khawvel galhang hinanleh uh atung lam apat suangtum in akhiat khuma anuai lama thou tawh akap chiangun mitampi asi uhi. Gawtengkawt attack na ah Pu Doungul chilou Zou gaalkapte asi aumsih ua, British sipai si te luang 30 val kana luipiau ah kihalin aliam mitampite akim a khoten man in,a sipai munpi lam ah pua uhi.British sipaite phuba lading a mi alet tamzaw hingkuanding uh ahi chi thei in Zougaal kapten gawteng kawt mun akihep mangsan ta uhi.

Tuabang a Zougaal kapten Khatvei a mi 30 val atha ua mitam pi akap liam zia un British sipaite zong lungthain thapi(Full strength) sua in Zou gaal kapte sabeng(Hunting)bang a beng dingin singngat taang lam a hing kinawt uhi.Zou gaal kap muallum a umte hawnkhat vakuan in British sipaite Zezaw luipiau a ann huan ava bukap ua, British sipai ten zong ana kap uhi. Tami Zezaw luipiau a Zou gaal kap te leh British sipaite kikapna hi Zougaal hunsunga kihakap napen hiin anakigen hi. Zou gaalkapte Pu Henzakhup leh Pu Luntun ana si ua,British sipaite sizat kitheisih nanleh Zezaw luitui sisan a aluan dan ana ki haget dan apatin British sipsite hi tampi ana siding uh agingtat huai hi. British sipaiten malam hing nawt zel in Muallum khua ahing latou in thana khat a hawng uhi.Zou gaalkap ten Muallum khua a sipai umte tuikhu lampi leh kibut theitheina a kibu in a va kap zel uhi.

Muallum khua munpi aneiin British sipaiten Saipheh(Buhsau) va lu un Zougaalkapte tawh nasatah in anakikap uhi.Saipheh kikap na ah Pu Lienkhup,Pu Thangchin,Pu Henthang leh Pu Thangliante ana shi uhi.British sipaiten Pumpi(Canon) leh thau hoitahtah azah nia un Zou gaalkapten anang zounonlou zia un a British ten lain a khua ahal tum uhi. Tuaban ah muni nuai a um Zougalkapte a khomite toh ana kihep mang siang zia un British sipaiten munpi a tawmkhat sung thana in a tou kia uhi.

British sipaiten maban hing sawn zelin singngat kulpi lu ding a ahing kuan lai un , Zougaalkap te lah a mini gaalvengding a kuan khatpa agalvil na ah vangsiat huaitahin gaalten amalpi ana kapkha uhi. Amapa peitheinonlou ahizia in a lawipan singngat kulpi tan a paw tung hi. Tua chin a liampa abuaipi uhtawh gaalkap ding akidailou zia un singngat kulpi vengbit zoulou in british sipaiten sing at kulpi alata uhi. Tuachin British sipaiten Hiangtam kulpi lu dingin ahing kuan in akhut ua kipia (surrender )ding leh akipialou uhleh vanleeng tawh bomb kangkhiat khum ding uh achi uleh Pu Goulun in ngaisantahin “Vanleeng anang leeng uhleh a gawchiangin kang navatkhie paiding uhi aaa’ chiin ana dawng hi. Hiangtam kulpi ah a nisagi(7days) ving veng ana kikap nua un, Khawvel nitumlouna gam lua thei khawp a galhang leh gaalhat British sipaite nang/dal zoulouin Zou gaal kapte British sipaite khut ah akipie ta uhi. Tuachin Zougam leh Zou gaalkap Zomi pasalphate khawvel a nam thupi leh sawrkal lian dangte bangin Britsh sawrkal nuai ah a um ta uhi.

Atunga Zouten British sipaite anadou ziate uh I etchiangin Zougaalhi galmaimai hilouin, zalenna gal(Zou war of independence) chilou thei ahi sihi. Tam atunga Zou ten Zougal anakap ziate hoitaha I et(study)leh ipu ipate hi Pasalpha dihtah ahidan uhleh gam leh nam ngaina, gamleh namdam nadinga shi leh man,genthei hasatna laulou te anahi danuh a kilang chiang mama hi.Tuabang ahangsan nate uh Sanemla in anuaia bangin ana phua/sa uhi.

Tuizum mangkang kiilbang hing khang,
Zouta kual zilbang aliin
Pianna kagam lei hie phal sing e.
I nam tem hiam I zougam tui
Lal kanaw sansin zel e,
Ngalliam vontawi ka laulou lai e.

(Sourse.Nu Chinnian)

(Khawvel galhang British sipaiten Zougam ladingin zilling bangin hingkuan nanleh ,ka pianna Zougam leitang koima khut nuai a umding kaphal sihhi.

Tembang hiama ka galkapte sisan in Zougam luituite sisan in a luang sah hi. Bangchi banga galhang hinanleh ngalliam bang a hang sanna tawh bangma lau kanei sihi.)

ZOUGAL TAWPDAN:

Zougal kap pasalphate sitanpha a British sipaite kap ding a kuan uh hinan leh British sipaiten ki surrender diinga thupieh leh kilending a achial bang un Zou galkapte misawm leh khat in a thau uh tung in Britishte khut a lau leh dawizaw zia hilou in numei naupang leh Zou tate maban khualna zia in ana ki pia ta uhi. Tuachin zomi pasalpha mi 11 (sawmleh khat) ta Britishte khutnuai ah Kum khat sung Imphal Jail ah Freedom fighter bang in ava tang in kumkhat nua in a zalen ta uhi.

1. Pu. Goulun. 2. Pu Langzachin. 3. Pu Lagou. 4. Pu onghau
5. Pu Henkham 6. Pu Vungdam 7. Pu Suahgou 8. Pu Helthong
9. Pu Lampum 10. Suahkham 11. Pu Salet.

Kum khat sung Imphal Jail ah Freedom fighter bang in ava tang in kumkhat nua in a zalen ta uhi.

British sipaite hi khovel a nam pil masa leh khangtou te a hi ua, inam leh igam dinmun hoitah in ang en ua, inam sung a mipil leh lekhasiam ki umlou, misim (Population) kitawm, Eima a vai kihawm theilou dingte ihizia un Manipur sawlkal nuai a umding in Manipur political map sung ah angna gitlut ta uhi. Independent hingpie sih nan leh British sipaiten ama uh hangsan tah a zomi pasal phaten anakap ngam zia un Zomite hi koima solkal nuai a kun ngailou leh kipe ngailou , singtang gam a koima solkal suh buai a zalentah a teng leh vai kihawmte, agam leitangte pasian ( Lord of the Land) chi in angna record uhi.

Zougaal tungtang a khangtha ten I thei ding ua poimaw ahileh British sipaite hi khovel a nitum louna gam luo theikhawp a pilleh galhangte anahi ua, khovel solkal lian leh thupi tahtahte zong British sipaite khut a ana tawm (Surrender) uhi. Zomi pasalphate British sipaite khut a ana tawm uhi akilomlou na a umsih a, Zu leh va leh gamta khatin a kawsung ah singam a apan banga Zomi pasalpha ten Zougam hunbit sawm a Khovel galhang British sipaite a Zou thau uh tawh ana doungam uhi ahangsanna uh leh gam leh nam ana itna dan uh kilahna khat ahihi.

“When you go home, tell them of us.
We give our live today for your tomorrow”.

ZOU GAL LAI A ZOMI PASALPHATE GALVAN ZAH

Zougaal laiin ipu ipaten galvanzah ana neitamsih ua,Singtang a ama uh kitoudelna khutzah aneibangbang uhtawh khawvel galhang British sipaite anakap uh ahia, tuazia in ana gallel deu uh ahita leh zawng mawpaih nadinga umsihi, amauh galvannei bangbang a kum thumsung Britishte anadou thei uhi angaisan huaiin a hangsan mama uh chilouthei ahi sihi.Ipu ipaten Zougal kapna a galvan zahte uh ahi leh;

1. Zou thau: Zougaal laiin Zougal kapten Zouthau Hiatawng leh longka anazang tangpi uhi.Zouthau hi khatvei kapzaw chianga vui thuna sudet/tawdet phawta tuazaw chianga atang kithun pan ahi. Zouthau/Singtang thauhi thaulaha gamsa leh galkap nading a muan huailou pen leh zahta loupen ading hi.Singtang a gamva a Zouthau tawh sapi leh vawmpi kapngamte hi pasalpha leh hangsanpen bang in anangai uhi.Zouten sapi vawmpi sanga lauhuaizaw British sipaite Zouthau tawh anakap ziaun Pasalpha chia minvaw mawng ihi uhi.

Lawngka: Thau lawngka/lawngninei hi ipu ipate hunlai a thau hawi leh ana muanpen uh ahi a,ahunlai un lawngka hi mi hausate chilou in anei zou maimai sihi.

ZANGSA MUAIVAWM NAW NADING IN,
MUANGZAWNG E, KEIMA PUMKA.
SANGLIAN SANGNEU DEI AKIMNA
VUISAI HING TUANG TUNG E
KA LUNGDAM

2. Pumpi(canon): Zougaal laiin Zougal kapten savun gaw zial lum in hoitah in khauin akandet ua ,a sung a thauvui leh siineng leh suang kangte thu in British sipaite kapnan anazang uhi.

3. Suangkhai thang: Suangkhaithang kichihi Zougaal laia British sipai te tampi sina ahia,suangtum liandeudeu tampi bawmphan in asung ah thunin mualvumlam apat in British sipaite hingpei nading lampi tung a anakam uhi,Tuachin British sipaite ang pei chiangun ana khiat khumin British sipai tampi anathat uhi.

4. Thauvui(Gun Powders): Thau vuihi galkap nading poimaw pen ahi ziain galkap sunga taasaplou nadingin numeiten khawngma kung leh kat damdawi suma suhguai in thauvui ana siam uhi.

5. Soudaw: Sou kichihi thang chikhat ahia, awh(Trap)dinga ideite kiatthei nadingin lei akilai kua a,tuana chiangzum tampi kiphut hi. Tuachin leh nasawlte kikhukhum in thangkamte chilou midangten thanga um chi atheilou nadingin bangma umlou bangthei penin aki koi a, gamsa leh mihingten avatawt khachiang un kesuh in chiang zum ten ana sunlum zel hi.

Tambang galvan mawl leh hou tahtah tawh ipu ipaten British sipaite ana dou ngam uhi a hangsan na uhleh gam leh nam ana itna uh lian mama hi chi amu thei hi.

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